TOEFL test: Smog

Ex 1: Match the words to poise, to take place, to force, a hue, to play a role with their definitions.

  • to happen
  • to make someone or something move in a particular direction or into a different position, especially through or using great strength
  • to put or hold something in a carefully balanced position, especially above something else.
  • to be involved in something and have an effect on it.
  • a type of color, opinion or belief

Ex.2 Translate into English and send the exercise to me.

Il posa la bouteille sur son verre. ‘Plus de vin?’ Он поставил бутылку над ее стаканом. «Еще вина?»

L’histoire se déroule au XVIIIe siècle. Действие происходит в 18 веке.

Elle a essayé de garder la porte fermée mais l’homme l’a forcée à s’ouvrir. Она пыталась держать дверь закрытой, но мужчина силой ее открыл.

opinions politiques de toutes les couleurs, политические взгляды всех оттенков.

Ex.3  From the text, pick up 5 rare or difficult to memorize collocations representing an adjective an a noun. E.g. exhaust gases, the primary sources.

Ex.4 Now let’s practice prepositions. Fill in the missing preposition.

The oxidation …. exhaust gases is one …. the primary sources ….. the world’s pollution. The brown haze that is poised ….. some …. the world’s largest cities is properly called photochemical smog; it results … chemical reactions that take place ….  the air, using the energy …. sunlight. The production of smog begins when gases are created … the cylinders … vehicle engines. It is there that oxygen and nitrogen gas combine as the fuel burns to from nitric oxide, a colorless gas. The nitric oxide is forced … …. the air …. the vehicle tailpipe … …. other gases.

When the gas reaches the air, it comes into contact … available oxygen … the atmosphere and combines … the oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide, which is a gas … a brownish hue. This nitrogen dioxide plays a role … the formation … acid rain …. wetter or more humid climates and tends to decompose back …. nitric oxide as it releases an oxygen atom …  each molecule; the released oxygen atoms quickly combine … oxygen molecules to form ozone. The brownish colored nitrogen dioxide is partially responsible .. the brown color .. smoggy air; the ozone is the toxic substance that causes irritation …. eyes.

Ex. 5. Make a tree diagram by grouping together thematical words. See example p.8 in the book “English vocabulary in use”